This paper presents a novel stiffness controllable, dynamic force range sensor that can provide remote haptic feedback. Forces applied to the dome change the curvature of the optical fibres . For large-scale measurement of microbubble parameters on the ocean surface beneath breaking waves, a buoy-type bubble sensor (BBS) is proposed. This sensor integrates a panoramic bubble imaging sub-sensor with a circular array fiber-optic sub-sensor. Department of Engineering and Design, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom Tactile information acquired through palpation plays a crucial role in relation to surface characterisation and. Sensors, Vol. 25, Pages 6378: Circular Array Fiber-Optic Sub-Sensor for Large-Area Bubble Observation, Part I: Design and Experimental Validation of the Sensitive Unit of Array Elements Sensors doi: 10. This technology is revolutionizing industries from infrastructure monitoring. Fiber-optic sensing (FOS) technology has emerged as a cutting-edge research focus in the sensor field due to its miniaturized structure, high sensitivity, and remarkable electromagnetic interference immunity. Utilizing a single-ended optical fiber wrapped around the current conductor, FOCS exploits the magneto-optic effect (Faraday effect). The FOCS can measure uni- or bi-directional DC currents up to 600 kA.